Prominent Figures (1100–900 BC)
Main Figures
| Figure | Approx. Dates | Region/Kingdom | Notable Aspects | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| David (Wikipedia) | c. 1000–962 BC | Kingdom of Israel | Second king of Israel, unifier of tribes, central figure in Judaism, Christianity, Islam. |
Bible: 1 Samuel 16,
2 Samuel 5,
Psalm 23 Qur’an: 17:55, 38:17–26 |
| Solomon (Wikipedia) | c. 970–931 BC | Kingdom of Israel | Son of David, famed for wisdom, builder of the Temple. |
Bible: 1 Kings 3,
1 Kings 6,
Proverbs 1 Qur’an: 21:78–82, 34:12–14 |
| Hiram I of Tyre (Wikipedia) | c. 980–947 BC | Phoenicia (Tyre) | Ally of Solomon; supplied cedar and craftsmen for Temple. | Bible: 1 Kings 5, 2 Chronicles 2 |
| Tou/Toi of Hamath (Wikipedia) | c. 10th century BC | Hamath (Aramean kingdom) | Sent tribute to David after his victory over Hadadezer. | Bible: 2 Samuel 8:9–10, 1 Chronicles 18:9–10 |
| Nebuchadnezzar I (Wikipedia) | 1121–1100 BC | Babylon | Defeated Elam; recovered Marduk idol; stabilized Babylon. | Sacred Texts |
| Tiglath-Pileser I (Wikipedia) | 1114–1076 BC | Assyria | Expanded Assyrian empire; inscriptions among earliest Assyrian annals. | Sacred Texts |
| Ramesses XI (Wikipedia) | 1107–1078/1069 BC | Egypt (20th Dynasty) | Last ruler of New Kingdom; end of centralized pharaonic rule. | Sacred Texts |
| Smendes I (Wikipedia) | 1077–1052 BC | Egypt (21st Dynasty) | Founder of 21st Dynasty; ruled from Tanis after New Kingdom collapse. | Sacred Texts |
Alternate Chronology Table
| Figure | Traditional Dating | Alternate / Scholarly Proposals | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| David | c. 1000–962 BC | c. 1010–970 BC; some suggest 10th–9th c. BC | Debates in biblical archaeology; limited direct evidence. |
| Solomon | c. 970–931 BC | c. 960–922 BC; some question a unified monarchy | Temple traditionally dated to Solomon’s 4th year (~966 BC). |
| Hiram I | c. 980–947 BC | Slightly shifted dates in Phoenician king lists | Linked to Solomon’s reign in 1 Kings 5. |
| Nebuchadnezzar I | 1121–1100 BC | Generally secure | Based on Babylonian king lists. |
| Tiglath-Pileser I | 1114–1076 BC | Secure | Assyrian eponym lists. |
| Ramesses XI | 1107–1078/1069 BC | Some place end of reign in 1069 BC | End of New Kingdom. |
| Smendes I | 1077–1052 BC | 1069–1043 BC | Depends on overlap with Ramesses XI. |
| Tou/Toi | 10th c. BC (biblical) | Not attested outside Bible | Dating tied to David’s reign. |